Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: GBA1 deficiency differentially affects endolysosomal trafficking in neurons versus astrocytes

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.12.697563

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Diagram of iPSC cell line generation and differentiation protocol into midbrain dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes, with r epresentative images of immunocytochemistry of GBA1 +/+ iPSC-neurons stained with anti-TH (green) and DAPI and GBA1 +/+ iPSC-astrocytes stained with anti-S100β (red) and DAPI (B) Quantification of glucocerebrosidase (GCase) enzyme activity by relative fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4-MUG) in indicated genotypes. GCase activity of all cell lines treated with CBE was subtracted to eliminate background activity. (one-way ANOVA F (4, 19) =9.092, p=0.0003). (C) Representative Western blot with anti-GBA1 protein in GBA1 +/+ , GBA1 IVS/+ , GBA1 +/+ + conduritol B epoxide (CBE), and GBA1 IVS/IVS iPSC-neurons. (D) Quantification of GBA1 protein in neurons from 3 independent replicates in indicated genotypes, normalized to Actin in control (one-way ANOVA F (3,8) =108.6, p<0.0001). (E) Heatmap of differentially expressed midbrain dopaminergic neuron-and astrocyte-specific genes in GBA1 +/+ neurons versus GBA1 +/+ astrocytes sorted by z-score. Statistical significance determined by one-way ANOVA (ns = p ≥ 0.05, * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001, **** = p < 0.0001). Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: After 2 weeks in Astrocyte Maturation Medium, a small portion of cells was fixed and stained to evaluate the presence of mature astrocyte markers: mouse anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (Sigma-Aldrich G3893, 1:400), mouse anti-Vimentin (Invitrogen #MA5-11883, 1:500), rabbit anti-Vimentin (Cell Signaling Technology 5741S, 1:100), rabbit anti-S100β (Proteintech 15146-1-AP, 1:100), and rabbit anti-Aquaporin 4 (AQP4Invitrogen #PA5-85767, 1:100).

Techniques: Immunocytochemistry, Staining, Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Life

Article Title: Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles Alter Social Behavior, Color Preference, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Histological Structure of Brain Regions in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio )

doi: 10.3390/life15111715

Figure Lengend Snippet: Appearance of the rostro-caudal axis of the telencephalon in zebrafish from control and experimental groups: HE, PCNA, GFAP and S100 stain. Scale bar: 50 μm. Arrowheads indicate immunopositive cells.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies were applied overnight at 4 °C in a humidified atmosphere as follows: rabbit polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. 173002, Synaptic Systems, Goettingen, Germany), rabbit monoclonal anti-S100β antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. C48942 , Signalway Antibody), and rabbit polyclonal anti-PCNA antibody (1:250 dilution, cat. no. PA5-27214, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Staining

Journal: Life

Article Title: Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles Alter Social Behavior, Color Preference, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Histological Structure of Brain Regions in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio )

doi: 10.3390/life15111715

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) ( A ), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ( B ), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) ( C ) cells in the telencephalon of adult zebrafish after exposure to SiO 2 NPs. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies were applied overnight at 4 °C in a humidified atmosphere as follows: rabbit polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. 173002, Synaptic Systems, Goettingen, Germany), rabbit monoclonal anti-S100β antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. C48942 , Signalway Antibody), and rabbit polyclonal anti-PCNA antibody (1:250 dilution, cat. no. PA5-27214, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Life

Article Title: Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles Alter Social Behavior, Color Preference, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Histological Structure of Brain Regions in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio )

doi: 10.3390/life15111715

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histology of adult zebrafish brain from control and experimental groups. The untreated adult zebrafish brain shows intact structural morphology and cellular morphology. The 4 layers of the optic tectum: (I) superficial gray-white zone, (II) central zone, (III) deep white zone, and (IV) periventricular gray zone (PGZ). The lateral torus (TLa) is homogenous, diffusively arranged, with no apparent divisions or inflammation. The brain section has undamaged cellular morphology which represents non-existent inflammation. Rows show IHC staining for anti-GFAP, anti-PCNA, and anti-S100. First row shows hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. Rows show IHC staining for anti-GFAP, anti-PCNA and anti-S100. First row shows hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. Arrowheads indicate immunopositive cells. Symbols: *—edema area (green); *—neuronal rarefaction (black).

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies were applied overnight at 4 °C in a humidified atmosphere as follows: rabbit polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. 173002, Synaptic Systems, Goettingen, Germany), rabbit monoclonal anti-S100β antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. C48942 , Signalway Antibody), and rabbit polyclonal anti-PCNA antibody (1:250 dilution, cat. no. PA5-27214, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Immunohistochemistry, Staining

Journal: Life

Article Title: Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles Alter Social Behavior, Color Preference, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Histological Structure of Brain Regions in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio )

doi: 10.3390/life15111715

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) ( A ), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ( B ), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) ( C ) cells in the optic tectum of adult zebrafish after exposure to SiO 2 NPs. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies were applied overnight at 4 °C in a humidified atmosphere as follows: rabbit polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. 173002, Synaptic Systems, Goettingen, Germany), rabbit monoclonal anti-S100β antibody (1:1000 dilution, cat. no. C48942 , Signalway Antibody), and rabbit polyclonal anti-PCNA antibody (1:250 dilution, cat. no. PA5-27214, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Cell Reports

Article Title: Multi-site investigation of gut microbiota in CDKL5 deficiency disorder mouse models: Targeting dysbiosis to improve neurological outcomes

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115546

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Cortical sections were incubated for 2 h in a blocking solution containing 10% BSA (w/vol) and 0.3% Triton X-100 (vol/vol) in PBS and incubated overnight at 4°C with rabbit polyclonal anti-S100β primary antibody (GeneTex, Cat. no. GTX129573; RRID: AB_2886037 ) diluted 1:250, in PBS with 5% BSA (w/vol) and 0.15% Triton X-100 (vol/vol).

Techniques: Recombinant, SYBR Green Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Reverse Transcription, Mutagenesis, Software, Imaging, Spectrophotometry, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microscopy

Journal: Cell Reports

Article Title: Multi-site investigation of gut microbiota in CDKL5 deficiency disorder mouse models: Targeting dysbiosis to improve neurological outcomes

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115546

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Rabbit polyclonal anti-S100β , GeneTex , Cat# GTX129573; RRID: AB_2886037.

Techniques: Recombinant, SYBR Green Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Reverse Transcription, Mutagenesis, Software, Imaging, Spectrophotometry, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microscopy

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at E17 and E18.5. A-C) In the mouse cochlea at E17, S100β immunoreactivity was only observed in the external cochlear wall (arrowheads), with no labeling detected in other cochlear tissues. Double-labeling with S100β and Sox2 revealed that no S100β immunoreactivity was present in the Sox2-immunoreactive auditory epithelium. D-I) In the mid- dle turn of the mouse cochlea at E18.5, S100β immunoreactivity was predominantly detected in the apical region of the developing pillar cells. S100β-labeled pillar cells were located between the Sox2-labeled IHCs and the first row of OHCs. The base of the pillar cells was also labeled with S100β. Additionally, the stria vascularis showed immunoreactivity for S-100β. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; GER, greater epithelial ridge; pc, pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; SB, the spiral limbus.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Labeling

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at P1. A) A low-magnification view of cross-sections of the P1 mouse cochlea labeled with S100β (red) and Sox2 (green) at P1. S100β immunoreactivity was not detected in the organ of Corti in the apical turn at P1. B,C) In the middle turn of the P1 cochlea, the stria vascularis and pillar cells of the organ of Corti were S100β-labeled. D,E) Co-staining S100β with phalloidin (red) and Sox2 (green) revealed that S100β-labeled inner and outer pillar cells were positioned at the boundary between the phalloidin-marked IHCs and OHCs. S100β-positive cells were predominantly observed in the head and foot plates of the pillar cells. F) S100β expression was also detected in the spiral limbus. G-I) Double-labeling with S100β (green) and IB4 (red) demonstrated that S100β-positive cells in the stria vascularis were in close proximity to IB4-marked intrastrial capillaries. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; GER, greater epithelial ridge; ip, inner pillar cells; op, outer pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; fp, footplate; SB, the spiral limbus.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Labeling, Staining, Expressing

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at P6. A-B) At the middle turn of the P6 cochlea, S100β staining was present throughout the cell bodies of both inner and outer pillar cells, which were separated to form the tunnels of Corti. The apices of the S100β- expressing pillar cells projected laterally (arrowhead) to contact the OHCs. Labelling for S100β was observed in the three rows of Deiters’ cells, with S100β-expressing Deiters’ cells positioned at the base of each OHC, extending a long phalangeal process (arrows) between the base and the apex of the OHCs. C) S100β labeling was also seen in the spiral limbus. D) Double-labeling of S100β with phalloidin showed that S100β-labeled Deiters’ cell phalangeal processes extending between rows of OHCs. E,F) S100β expression was localized to strial marginal cells facing the scale media, S100β colocalized with phalloidin in the basal cells of the stria vascularis. G-I) strial intermediate cells that located around the IB4-labeled strial capillaries were immunopositive for S100β. J-L) In both the apical and basal turns of the P6 cochlea, S100β was also expressed in the outer and inner pillar cells and the three rows of Deiters’ cells. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; GER, greater epithelial ridge; ip, inner pillar cells; op, outer pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; fp, footplate; SB, the spiral limbus; mc, the marginal cells; ic, the intermediate cells; bc, the basal cells; o/C, organ of Corti.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Staining, Expressing, Labeling

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at P10 and P12. A-C) At P10, double staining of S100β and phalloidin revealed that S100β-labeled Deiters’ cell phalangeal processes were clearly located below the phalloidin-stained cuticular plate of OHCs. S100β expression was also observed in the Deiters’ cups (arrowheads), which held the OHCs at their base. Notably, the center of the head region of pillar cells, rich in phalloidin-marked actin, was unlabeled for S100β. D-I) At P12, S100β-expressing cells were observed in the inner and outer pillar cells, the soma and phalangeal processes of the Deiters’ cells, the spiral limbus, the stria vascularis, and the spiral ligament. The Deiters’ cups (arrowheads) were also immunoreactive for S100β. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; SL, the spiral ligament; GER, greater epithelial ridge; ip, inner pillar cells; op, outer pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; fp, footplate; SB, the spiral limbus; SP, the spiral prominence.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Double Staining, Labeling, Staining, Expressing

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at P14 and P21. A-C) At P14, S100β expression in the stria vascularis disappeared but was maintained in the spiral ligament. D-F) S100β staining in the phalangeal processes of Deiters’ cells was ambiguous, although the bodies and cups (arrowheads) of the Deiters’ cells remained immunoreactive. G-I) At P21, phalloidin-marked actin labeling was prominent in the pillar cell foot and head, as well as in the Deiters’ cups. Overlapping labeling of S100β and phalloidin was observed in Deiters’ cups and the apex of pillar cells. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; SL, the spiral ligament; GER, greater epithelial ridge; ip, inner pillar cells; op, outer pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; fp, footplate; SB, the spiral limbus; o/C, organ of Corti.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Expressing, Staining, Labeling

Journal: European journal of histochemistry : EJH

Article Title: Expression of S100β during mouse cochlear development.

doi: 10.4081/ejh.2025.4189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. S100β immunolabeling in the mouse cochlea at P28 and P32. A,B) At P28, S100β expression declined in both the pillar cells and the Deiters’ cells. C)The spiral limbus was still positive for S100β. D-F) No S100β staining was observed in the phalloidin-marked basal cells of the stria vascularis. S100β immunolabeling was seen throughout the spiral ligament. G-I) At P32, S100β expression was only detected in the the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus, phalloidin-labeled pillar cells and Deiters’ cells in the organ of Corti barely expressed S100β. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; SV, stria vascularis; SL, the spiral ligament; ip, inner pillar cells; op, outer pillar cells; DC, Deiters’ cells; hp, head plate; fp, footplate; SB, the spiral limbus; o/C, organ of Corti.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were as follows: rabbit anti-S100β antibodies (1:500, #90393; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Sox2 Monoclonal Antibody (Btjce; Invitrogen, Waltham, MA, USA), Alexa FluorTM 488 (1:100, #53-9811-82; Invitrogen), biotinylated isolectin B4 antibody (1:250, Vector Laboratories, Newark, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunolabeling, Expressing, Staining, Labeling